Determination of total phenol, condensed tannin and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Uncaria gambirextracts
Abstract
Uncaria gambir, a well known Southeast Asia plant have been previously used as an alternative medicine for treatment such as diarrheal, sore throat and spongy gums. Due to its useful properties, in this study we have analysed the total phenol, condensed tannin, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Uncaria gambir in three different solvent extracts. Characterization and quantification analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) has confirmed that the major chemical constituents of Uncaria gambir are mainly catechins. It was revealed that the ethyl acetate gambir extract gives the highest catechin content and antioxidant activity compared with other solvent extracts.
Key words: Uncaria gambir, antioxidant activity, condensed tannin, flavonoid
Full Text:
UntitledReferences
Arbianti, R., Utami, T. S., Kurmana, A., and Sinaga, A. 2007. Comparison of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Dillenia Indica leaves extracts obtained using various techniques. Proceeding for 14th Regional Symposium on Chemical Engineering. Available: http://repository.ui.ac.id/contents/koleksi/11/fe41c04 fbdec865384207ee6805467ced391 e471.pdf. Retrieved 10 June 2010.
Ayesha, M., Zaheer, K., Mushtaq, A., Muhamad Akram, K,. Sammia, Y., and Hina, M. 2009. Chemotaxonomic significance of flavonoids in the Solanum Nigrum complex. Journal of Chilean Chemical Society54, 486-490.
Blois, M. S. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical, Nature181, 1199–1200.
Chang, C. C., Yang, M. H., Wen, H. M., and Chern, J. C. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in Propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 10 (3), 178-182.
Cheong, W. J., Park, M. H., Kang, G. W., Ko, J. H.,and Seo, Y. J. 2005. Determination of catechin in Korean green tea infusions under various extraction conditions by high performance liquid chromatography. Bulletin Korean Chemical Society26 (5), 747-754.
Chong, L. L., 2009. Gambir. Available: www.herbpalace.com/herbs/gambir.html, Retrieved 27 Dec 2009.
Garro Gavlez, J.M., Reidl, B., and Fechtal, M., 1996. Gallic acid as a model of tannins in condensation with formaldehyde. Thermochemica Acta274, 149-163.
Hadad, M., Ahmadi, N. R., Herman, M., Supriadi, H.,Hasibuan, A. M., 2009. Teknologi budidaya dan pengolahan hasil gambir. Available: http://balittri.litbang.deptan.go.id, Retrieved 27 Dec 2009.
Hayani, E., 2003, Analisis kadar catechin dari gambir dengan berbagai metode. Buletin Teknik Pertanian8 (1), 31-33.
Hazwan Hussin, M. and Jain Kassim, M., 2010. The corrosion inhibition and adsorption behaviour of Uncaria gambir extract on mild steel in 1 M HCl. Material Chemistry and Physics xxx, xxx-xxx. doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.10.032. Article in press.
Idris, H., 2007. The using of gambire fungiside to the Fusarium sp. leaf spot in Citronella crop leaves. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. Edisi Khusus3, 379 – 385.
Kim Suan, T., 2009., Transformation of Rust by Uncaria gambir, Master Dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia, p 13-46.
Matthaus, B., 2002. Antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from residues of different oilseeds, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 50, 3444-3452.
McDonald S., Prenzler P. D., Autolovich M., and Robards K., 2001. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of olive extracts. Food Chemistry73, 73-84.
Nasrun, N. H., Idris, H. and Syamsu, H., 1997. Pemanfaatan daun gambir sebagai pestisida nabati untuk pengendalian penyakit kanker batang pada tanaman kayu manis. Proceeding paper for Kongres Nasional XIV Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, 480-482.
Nonaka, G. and Nishioka, I., 1980. Novel Biflavonoids, Chalcan-flavan Dimers from Gambir. Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin28 (10), 3145-3149.
Pambayun, R., Gardjito, M., Sudarmadji, S., Kuswanto, K.P., 2007. Phenolic content and antibacterial properties of various extracts of gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb). Majalah Farmasi Indonesia18 (3), 141-146.
Pinelo, M. Rubilar, M., Sineiro, J., and Nunez, M. J., 2004. Extraction of antioxidant phenolics from almond hulls (Prunus amygdalus) and pine sawdust (Pinus pinaster), Food Chemistry 85, 267–273.
Prior R. L., Wu Xianli, and Schaich Karen., 2005. Standardized Method for Determination of Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic in Food and Dietary Supplement, Journal Agricultural Food Chemistry53, 4290-4302.
Ramos-Tejada, M. M., Duran, J. D. G., Ontiveros-Ortega, A., Espinosa-Jimenez, M., Perea-Carpio, R., Chibowski, E., 2002. Investigation of alumina/ (+)-catechin system properties. Part 1: a study of the system by FTIR - UV-Vis spectroscopy. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces,24, 297-308.
Remington, J. P. and Wood, H. C., 1918). Gambir, The Dispensatory of the United States of America. http://www.henriettesherbal.com, Retrieved 23 Jan 2009.
Rice-Evans, C. A., Miller, N. J., and Paganga. G. 1997. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds, Trends in Plant Science2, 152-159.
Robb, C. S., Geldart, S. E., Seelenbinder, J. A. and Brown, P. R.(2002). Analysis of green tea constituents by HPLC-FTIR. Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 25 (5), 787-801.
Taniguchi, S., Kuroda, K., Doi, K., Inada, K., Yoshikado, N., Yoneda, Y., Tanabe, M., Shibata, T., Yoshida, T., and Hatano, T. 2007a. Evaluation of Gambir Quality Based on Quantitative Analysis of Polyphenolic Constituents. Yakugaku Zasshi, 127 (8), 1291-1300.
Taniguchi, S., Kuroda, K., Doi, K., Inada, K., Yoshikado, N., Yoneda, Y., Tanabe, M., Shibata, T., Yoshida, T., and Hatano, T. 2007b. Revised structures of gambiriins A1, A2, B1 and B2, Clalcane-Flavan dimmers from gambir (Uncaria gambir extract). Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin55 (2), 268-272.
Uma, D. B., Ho, C. W. and Wan Aida, W. M. 2010. Optimization of Extraction Parameters of Total Phenolic Compounds from Henna (Lawsonia inermis) Leaves. Sains Malaysiana39, 119–128.
Yazaki, Y. (1985). Extraction of polyphenols from Pinus radiate bark.Holzforschung39, 267-271.
Zamarel and Risfaheri, 1991, Pengolahan gambir dan permasalahannya. Edisi Khusus Penelitian
Tanaman Rempah dan Obat7 (2), 12-16.
Zhi Shen, J., Meng Cheng, T., and Jian Ming, W. 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxideradicals. Food Chemistry64, 555-559.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp50-59
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indonesian J Pharm indexed by:
View My Stats