Identification of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) from Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl., a posssible active compound

Sismindari .

Abstract


Ribosome-inactivating protein (RIPs), merupakan sekelompok protein toksik dalam tanaman yang mempunyai anktivitas RNA-glycosidase yang mampu menghambat sintesis protein pada mamalia. RIP mempunyai kemampuan memotong DNA superkoil. Adanya aktivitas tersebut, menjadikan RIP sebagai kandidat yang potensial dalam terapi kanker. Secara tradisional, ekstrak air dari buah P. macrocarpa telah digunakan dalam pengobatan kanker. Untuk itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan RIP dalam P. macrocarpa, yang kemungkinan merupakan senyawa yang bertanggung jawab dalam aktivitasnya tersebut.
Daging buah dan biji P. macrocarpa diektraksi dengan buffer natrium fosfat 5mM pH 7.2 yang mengandung sodium klorid 0,14M. Fraksi protein diperoleh dengan pengendapan menggunakan ammonium sulfat. Aktivitas RIP ditentukan menggunakan metode pemotongan DNA superkoil.
Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak gubal biji P. macrocarpa mempunyai kemampuan memotong DNA superkoil menjadi bentuk nik sirkularnya. Aktivitas tersebut nampak tergantung pada konsentrasi. Aktivitas fraksi protein dari biji terlihat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekstrak gubal, seperti ditunjukkan dengan munculnya bentuk linier pada konsentrasi protein sebesar 0.3μg/ml. Aktivitas memotong DNA superkoil tersebut tidak muncul pada crude extract dari daging buah. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa biji P. macrocarpa mengandung protein sejenis RIP.
Kata kunci: Ribosome-inactivating protein (RIPs), Phaleria macrocarpa, DNA superkoil

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp44-49

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