Efficacy of Thymol and Eugenol Against Polymicrobial Biofilm

Hasyrul Hamzah, Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi, Triana Hertiani

Abstract


Biofilms associated with human infection have high levels of pathogenicity due to their resistance to antibiotics. The discovery of an active antibiofilm agent against polymicrobial biofilms is a necessary consequence for coping with biofilm-related infections. Thymol and Eugenol are essential oils that have potential as antibacterial and antifungal. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of thymol and eugenol inhibits C. albicans, P. Aeruginosa, E. coli S. aureus and polymicrobial biofilm. Biofilm formation inhibition assay and biofilm degradation assay of thymol and eugenol were determined using microtiter broth method.The antibiofilm efficacy of thymol and eugenol towards polymicrobial biofilms were analyzed by calculating minimum biofilm inhibitor concentration (MBIC50) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC50) values. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) with 95% confidence level. Thymol and eugenol showed inhibitory activity against the formation of mono and polymicrobial biofilms of the microbial tested.The result also demonstrated an evidence of activity of thymol and eugenol in breaking down mono and polymicrobial biofilm. Therefore, thymol and eugenol serves as a potential source for new antibiofilm drugs towards polymicrobial biofilm.


Keywords


Thymol, Eugenol, polymicrobial biofilm, MBIC50, MBEC50

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andersson S., Kuttuva Rajarao G., Land CJ., and Dalhammar, G., 2008. Biofilm formation and interactions of bacterial strains found in wastewater treatment systems: Biofilm formation and interactions of bacterial strains. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 283: 83–90.

Burmølle M., Ren D., Bjarnsholt T., and Sørensen, S.J., 2014. Interactions in multispecies biofilms: do they actually matter?. Trends in Microbiology. 22: 84–91.

Cowan SE., Gilbert E., Liepmann D., and Keasling, JD., 2000. 'Commensal Interactions in a Dual-Species Biofilm Exposed to Mixed Organic Compounds, Applied and Enviromental Microbiology. 66: 4481-4485.

Donlan RM., 2002. Biofilm: Microbial Life on Surfaces. Emerging Infectious Diseases 8: 881–890.

Dorman HJD., Deans S. G., 2000. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol. 88: 308–316.

Furukawa WF., Bryers JD., Robbins J., 2006., Biomaterial-centered infection: microbial adhesion. Science.

Hamzah H., 2017, The Effect of C-10 Massoialactone to The Culture Multispecies of Biofilm, Thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Kim YG., Lee JH, Gwon G, Kim SI, Park JK, Lee J., 2016. Essential Oils and Eugenols Inhibit Bioflm Formation and the Virulence of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Scientific reports. 6 : 363777.

Leriche V., Briandet R., dan Carpentier B., 2003. Ecology of mixed biofilms subjected daily to a chlorinated alkaline solution: spatial distribution of bacterial species suggests a protective effect of one species to another. Environmental Microbiology. 5: 64–71.

Li X., 2003. Quantitative variation of biofilms among strains in natural populations of Candida albicans. Microbiology, 149: 353–362.

Liu H., Xu L., Zeng J., 2000. Role of Corrosion Products in Biofilms in Microbiologically Induced Corrosion of Carbon Steel. British Corr J. 35: 131-135.

Nestro A., Blanco A. R., Cannatelli MA., Enea V., Flamini G., Morelli I., Sudano Roccaro SA., Alonzo V., 2004. Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphy lococci to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 230: 191–195.

Peeters E., Nelis, HJ., and Coenye T., 2008. Comparison of multiple methods for quantification of microbial biofilms grown in microtiter plates. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 72: 157–165.

Pierce CG., Uppuluri P., Tristan AR., Wormley FL., Mowat E, Ramage G., 2008. A Simple and Reproducible 96 Well Plate-Based Method for The Formation of Fungal Biofilms and Its Application to Anti-fungal Susceptibility Testing. Nat Protoc. 3: 1494-1500.

Pratiwi SUT., Lagendijk EL., de Weert S., Hertiani T., Idroes R., Van Den Hondel CAMJJ., 2015. Effect of Cinnamomumburmannii Nees ex Bl. and Massoiaaromatica Becc. Essential oils on planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Product.8: 1-13.

Ramage G., VandeWalle K., Wickes BL., Lopez-Ribot JL., 2001. Standardized Method for In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida albicans Biofilms. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 45: 2475–2479.

Stepanović S., Vuković D., Dakić I., Savić B., and Švabić-Vlahović M., 2000. A modified microtiter-plate test for quantification of staphylococcal biofilm formation. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 40: 175–179.

Zhou L., Zheng H., Tang Y., Yu W., Gong Q., 2013. Eugenol inhibits quorum sensing at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Biotechnol Lett. 35: 631–637.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjpharm29iss4pp214

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2018 Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indonesian J Pharm indexed by:

web
analytics View My Stats